8月18日晚，有“韦神”之称的北京大学数学科学学院副教授韦东奕，时隔一年后更新了B站账号，发布视频《一道有趣的数学题》。他本人没有出镜，只展示了一道小学四年级数学题及其解题方法。
China's new geological map of the moon Photo: Courtesy of Institute of Geology under the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences (CAGS)
A massive new geological map of the moon, measuring about 2.8 meters long and 1.2 meters high, has recently made its debut in China, offering one of the most comprehensive portraits yet of the lunar surface and its billions of years of geological evolution.
Compiled by the Institute of Geology under the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences (CAGS), together with the Institute of Geochemistry under the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jilin University, Shandong University and China University of Geosciences (Beijing), the 1:5,000,000-scale Geological Map of the moon marks 13,519 impact craters, 81 impact basins, 14 types of geological structures and 17 rock types, and includes detailed inset maps of the lunar north and south poles.
More than simply a new rendering of the lunar surface, the map incorporates the latest findings from China's Chang'e lunar exploration program. Scientists involved in the project told the Global Times in exclusive interviews that the new map recalibrates key boundaries in the moon's geological chronology, updates the distribution of important lunar rock types and establishes a more systematic framework for interpreting the moon's evolution.
"The Chang'e-5 and Chang'e-6 missions have successively returned samples from the moon's near and far side, producing findings that have significantly changed our understanding of lunar evolution," Ding Xiaozhong, a researcher at the Institute of Geology under CAGS and a core member of the mapping team, told the Global Times.
Samples showed that volcanic activity on the moon continued until about 2 billion years ago - roughly one billion years later than previously thought under the conventional framework. Meanwhile, observations and samples from the lunar far side have provided new information about the composition and magmatic history of the moon's deep interior, Ding said.
"These new discoveries created an urgent need for a new and systematic geological map that could integrate the latest data and research results and establish an updated framework for understanding lunar geology," he noted.
The 1:5,000,000 scale was chosen with practical applications in mind. Compared with China's more detailed 1:2,500,000 lunar geological atlas released in 2024, the new map provides a more condensed, global view of the Moon, enabling researchers to quickly identify major geological relationships while also making it suitable for education, popular science and the early-stage planning of exploration missions.
Jin Ming, an associate researcher at the Institute of Geology under CAGS, told the Global Times that the project also represents an important step toward establishing a mature Chinese standard for planetary geological mapping. Its newly designed symbols, legends and color system have been certified as a group standard by the Geological Society of China, filling a gap in China's standardized rules for planetary geological mapping.
Although the latest project formally began in 2022 and took about four years to complete, Ding and Jin said its scientific foundations stretch back decades. Data accumulation and methodology development began with China's early lunar exploration missions, particularly after Chang'e-1 started returning scientific data. Several generations of Chinese planetary geologists have since developed a comprehensive system for lunar geological interpretation, remote-sensing data processing and map compilation.
One of the toughest challenges was bringing together enormous quantities of remote-sensing data obtained by different instruments, Jin said. Different payloads aboard the Chang'e probes produced data with varying resolutions and spectral characteristics, requiring specially developed algorithms as well as extensive manual verification to place them under a unified mapping standard.
"We had to make the different datasets compatible under the same system while striking a balance between scientific completeness and visual clarity - avoiding information overload without losing critical geological clues," Jin said.
China previously released the world's first 1:2,500,000-scale high-precision lunar geological atlas in 2024. The newly completed 1:5,000,000 map is therefore not simply a reduced-scale copy, the scientists stressed, but a scientific update incorporating newly available data and revised interpretations of lunar chronology, lithology and geological evolution.
China's new lunar geological map has achieved an all-round improvement over previous versions and is now at the international forefront, Ding said.
We are the only country to have exclusive access to directly measured sampling data from the Chang'e-5 and Chang'e-6 missions. By using age anchors from lunar samples independently obtained by China to calibrate the geological chronology, this new data source and calibration system represents a core advantage of China."
Like Earth, which is divided into geological periods such as the Cambrian and Jurassic, the Moon also has a geological timescale. One of the most significant tasks behind the new map was to recalibrate that "lunar clock."
According to Jin, the recalibration draws on two major sources - the latest international isotopic dating results, including updated measurements of Apollo samples and lunar meteorites, and the precise age obtained from Chang'e-5 samples.
The latter provided an especially important chronological anchor. Radiometric dating of Chang'e-5 basalt has placed its age at roughly 2 billion years, demonstrating that lunar volcanism persisted far later than had once been assumed and substantially changing scientists' picture of the moon's late-stage thermal evolution.
Based on the updated evidence, the team refined the starting ages of several ancient lunar periods, including the Aitkenian, Nectarian and Imbrian periods, to approximately 4.33 billion, 4.17 billion and 3.92 billion years ago, respectively.
More significantly, the researchers used the 2-billion-year age boundary to divide the Eratosthenian into an early and a late epoch. The team said this marks the first time an age boundary derived from samples independently collected by China has been incorporated into such a detailed Chinese lunar geological chronology.
"The moon's story itself has not changed, but its timeline has," Jin said. "We once thought that major lunar volcanism had essentially cooled down about 3 billion years ago. Now we know that the Moon remained volcanically active until at least about 2 billion years ago. That means the thermal evolution of the lunar interior and many of the causal relationships in its later history need to be re-examined."
Ding highlighted a newly mapped rock type in the South Pole-Aitken Basin - gabbronorite - identified with the help of the latest Chang'e-4 and Chang'e-6 exploration results.
The vast basin on the lunar far side is one of the moon's largest and oldest impact crater.
"This is like being able to directly see material from deeper inside the moon," Ding said. "Previously, much of this could only be inferred from remote-sensing observations. With Chang'e-4 in-situ exploration and Chang'e-6's returned samples, we now have much stronger evidence for identifying its existence and distribution."
Another important revision concerns KREEP, a lunar geochemical component enriched in potassium, rare-earth elements and phosphorus and commonly associated with elevated concentrations of radioactive heat-producing elements such as thorium and uranium.
According to Ding, earlier models suggested that KREEP-rich material was concentrated in a relatively limited area. Higher-resolution data used in the new mapping project indicate a broader and more continuous distribution than previously thought, suggesting that its abundance may have been underestimated.
Ding said the finding is scientifically important not only for assessing potentially resource-rich lunar materials, but also because the distribution of KREEP provides clues to the crystallization of the early lunar magma ocean, the thickness of the lunar crust and the moon's internal thermal evolution.
The map's colors also carry geological meaning. The team follows a principle of "lighter for younger, darker for older": relatively young Copernican impact materials are depicted in bright pale yellow, ancient Aitkenian impact materials in deep purplish red, while mare basalts are represented in varying shades of blue.
"The color system combines the logic of geological evolution with elements of traditional Chinese color aesthetics, giving China's lunar geological maps a distinctive scientific and visual identity," Ding said.
Beyond basic science, the researchers said the new geological map can serve as a strategic base map for China's future lunar exploration, including subsequent Chang'e missions and planning related to the International Lunar Research Station (ILRS).
A refined geological chronology can help scientists understand the age and modification history of candidate regions; updated rock mapping can identify areas of particular scientific or resource interest; and the global-scale representation allows mission planners to compare broad regions before moving to higher-resolution site studies.
Asked whether the map could directly support the Chang'e-7 and Chang'e-8 missions, Jin stressed that its role is primarily strategic rather than tactical.
"The 1:5,000,000 geological map is a global-scale foundational map. It can be used for broad comparisons of potential landing regions and for evaluating their overall geological context," Jin said. "Precise landing-site selection and detailed rover-route planning, however, require higher-resolution regional geological maps. The two work together, moving progressively from the global scale to finer regional scales."
The scientists also stressed that the map is intended to be shared with the international scientific community. Digital versions are expected to be released through professional publications and public scientific databases, while the standardized symbols and mapping rules could facilitate exchanges with other planetary geological mapping systems.
Ding said significant room remains for international cooperation, from comparing and translating different geological mapping standards to joint studies of the evolution of the lunar far side and the origin of the ancient South Pole-Aitken Basin.
"China possesses unique exploration data and returned lunar samples, which provide a strong foundation for cooperation," Ding said, adding that planetary science, scientific training and deep-space exploration technologies all offer potential areas for expanded exchanges.
"A precise geological map of the moon is an important foundation for humanity to explore deep space and understand the universe," Jin said.
The latest map, he noted, is not an endpoint. As China proceeds with subsequent lunar exploration missions and acquires new observations and samples, the geological picture of the Moon will continue to be refined.
"Future exploration will allow us to keep updating our understanding of lunar geology," Jin said. "At the same time, we hope these results can contribute to broader international scientific cooperation and to humanity's exploration of the moon."
。评论区很快变成网友的答题现场，但这其实是一个产品介绍。视频开头标注“韦东奕主编《数学能力》四年级奕数空间”。与此同时，韦东奕B站账号的“小店”上新了两套小学、初中数学解题能力训练练习册，售价分别为39.8元和49.8元。商品页面都写着“韦东奕主编”，并印着他的名字和照片。时隔一年更新视频，为何突然“带货”？
图/韦东奕B站账号
突然卖书“这是真的假的？”这几天，在几个社交平台，不少网友对韦东奕卖练习册的第一反应是不敢相信。
B | 有人发现他的抖音账号上没有这套练习册，怀疑这是一个假消息。事实上，目前这两套中小学数学解题能力训练练习册，只在韦东奕的B站账号上线，在抖音、小红书并没有上架。8月21日，练习册出版社龙门书局对媒体表示，该系列图书确实由韦东奕本人亲自主编，内容偏向培优方向，本周刚刚上线，目前在龙门书局官方账号以及韦东奕个人账号均有售卖。截至发稿，在韦东奕B站小店上，《小学数学解题训练1—6年级超详细答案视频讲解》已售出超过2万本，相关初中产品也售出了6000多本。覆盖1—9年级，每个年级一套，每套3册。
C | 让外界意外的，并不是数学练习册本身，而是一直与巨大流量保持距离的韦东奕，如今开始卖书了。2021年5月底，一段北大校园随机采访让韦东奕意外走红。媒体找人给高考生送祝福，韦东奕身着朴素，手提矿泉水瓶和馒头，腼腆地自报家门：自己是北大数学系2010级本科、2014级研究生，如今是北京大学数学系老师。随后，他获得连续两届国际数学奥林匹克（IMO）满分金牌、丘成桐大学生数学竞赛个人全能金奖等成绩被挖出。
D | 因数学天才、极简生活等标签，网友称他为“韦神”“北大扫地僧”。2025年6月，他在抖音、B站、小红书等平台开通个人账号，发布首条视频。视频只有四五秒，只是一段非常简单的自我介绍：“大家好，我叫韦东奕，这是我的账号。”但在72小时内，他的抖音账号粉丝突破了1900万。截至2026年8月下旬，韦东奕的抖音账号拥有近2000万粉丝，B站和小红书粉丝都超67万。但韦东奕和一些网红不同，他没有主动经营这份流量。刚开设社交账号时，外界一度猜测，他或许会开始持续更新、直播甚至带货，但账号很快沉寂，此后一年再也没有更新。
E | 与他本人的低调相比，不少人开始蹭韦东奕的流量。有人抢注“韦东奕”“韦神”“韦神馒头”等商标，涉及服装、广告、教育娱乐等领域。2025年6月，也出现了许多假冒、仿冒的账号，吸粉引流，恶意营销。2025年6月，北京市网信部门开展专项处置，清理假冒仿冒违规账号5000余个，清理盯拍蹭热信息4699条，关停违规直播间32个，并对740个实施恶意拍摄、歪曲解读的“自媒体”账号采取禁言、限制营利、关闭等处置措施。
数学天才能“变现”吗练习册上架后，争议很快出现。
F | 有人认为，韦东奕“人设崩了”。
G | 韦东奕走红后，媒体曾报道他的生活细节：几乎不看电视、没有微信，除了查资料几乎不上网，爱听收音机，最喜欢的就是做数学题。豹变IP创始人、豹变商学院院长张大豆认为，这正是争议的来源之一，韦东奕长期被塑造成一个智商超群、提着大矿泉水瓶、生活简朴的形象，与“商业化”形成了反差。而且长期以来，公众对学者、教师、医生等职业也有一种惯性认知：他们做的是更接近公益的事情，不应该主动谈赚钱。但不同于一些网红通过直播带货卖食品、服装等消费品，或者单纯借自己的名字做营销，韦东奕卖的是自己最擅长的数学，是面向中小学生的数学培优练习册。“韦东奕选择出书，已经是一种最丝滑、柔和、合理的变现方式。”张大豆在接受《中国新闻周刊》采访时提到，他做的是一本由正规出版社出版的、与自身专业相关、售价三四十元的练习册，这是一个正常的商业行为。“他有了流量，有了信任他的人，做出一个产品，有需要的人就购买，不认可也可以不买。”工业和信息化部信息通信经济专家委员会委员盘和林也认为，韦东奕出练习册本身没有什么不妥，中小学教辅也不是一门暴利生意。
H | 但在他看来，争议背后或许还有另一层原因：社会对中国数学家的期待更高了。韦东奕的专业是基础科学领域，尤其是近期邓煜、王虹获得菲尔兹数学奖，“大众期待韦东奕有更多数学成就，而不是做生意，毕竟做生意会占用他的精力”。近年来，不少小学以及初高中老师、大学教授向张大豆咨询个人IP以及商业化。
I | 他认为，学者做商业化并无不可，但变现的边界感、节奏感、善意感都非常重要。比如，出版正规的书籍、课程，把真正有价值的内容生产出来，找到真正需要它的人。
J | 不太适合急功近利的变现方式，商业化本身没有错，不同身份的人群的商业化需要有节奏，否则太突破用户预期，容易消耗公众对专业人士的信任。记者：杨智杰编辑：闵杰
